Meige disease

Meige's Syndrome is a type of dystonia, a group of neurological disorders characterized by involuntary muscle contractions. It is also known as Brueghel's syndrome and idiopathic orofacial dystonia. The syndrome is named after the French neurologist, Henri Meige, who first described it in the early 20th century.

Symptoms

The primary symptoms of Meige's Syndrome are involuntary blinking and chin thrusting. Some people may experience excessive tongue protrusion, squinting, light sensitivity, muddled speech, or uncontrollable contraction of the platysma muscle.

Causes

The exact cause of Meige's Syndrome is unknown. However, it is believed to be a result of abnormal functioning of the basal ganglia, a group of structures in the brain involved in controlling movement.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Meige's Syndrome is primarily based on a clinical evaluation, a detailed patient history, and a thorough neurological examination. There are no specific tests to confirm the diagnosis of Meige's Syndrome.

Treatment

Treatment for Meige's Syndrome is symptomatic and may include medication, botulinum toxin injections, or deep brain stimulation (DBS). In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with Meige's Syndrome varies. While the disorder itself is not life-threatening, it can significantly impact a person's quality of life.

Research

Current research is aimed at better understanding the genetic factors and brain abnormalities that contribute to the development of Meige's Syndrome. This research will hopefully lead to the development of more effective treatments in the future.

See also

• Dystonia
• Basal ganglia
• Botulinum toxin
• Deep brain stimulation

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