Hapalonychia
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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| Hapalonychia | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Soft nails |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Soft nails, brittle nails, nail splitting |
| Complications | Increased risk of nail infections |
| Onset | Can occur at any age |
| Duration | Varies, can be chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Nutritional deficiencies, genetic factors, environmental factors |
| Risks | Malnutrition, exposure to chemicals, trauma to nails |
| Diagnosis | Clinical examination, patient history |
| Differential diagnosis | Onychoschizia, onychorrhexis, onychomycosis |
| Prevention | Adequate nutrition, protective gloves |
| Treatment | Moisturizers, biotin supplements, avoidance of irritants |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Generally good with proper care |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | N/A |
Hapalonychia is a medical condition characterized by soft and thin nails that can easily be bent or torn. It is often associated with iron deficiency anemia, malnutrition, and chronic diseases.
Causes[edit | edit source]
The primary cause of hapalonychia is often linked to iron deficiency anemia. This condition can also be caused by malnutrition, particularly a deficiency in protein, vitamin A, and B vitamins. Chronic diseases such as liver disease, kidney disease, and thyroid disorders can also lead to hapalonychia.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
The main symptom of hapalonychia is soft and thin nails that can easily be bent or torn. Other symptoms may include nail discoloration, nail ridges, and nail pitting.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of hapalonychia is usually based on the appearance of the nails. A medical history and physical examination may also be conducted to rule out other conditions. In some cases, a nail biopsy may be performed for further analysis.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment for hapalonychia primarily involves addressing the underlying cause. This may include treating any existing iron deficiency anemia, improving nutrition, or managing chronic diseases. In some cases, nail hardeners or biotin supplements may be recommended to strengthen the nails.
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
