Pleuropneumonia

From WikiMD.com - Food, Medicine & Wellness Encyclopedia

Dr.Prab.jpg

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC

Pleuropneumonia
Diagram of the lungs and pleura
Synonyms Pleuropneumonitis
Pronounce N/A
Specialty N/A
Symptoms Cough, chest pain, fever, dyspnea
Complications Pleural effusion, empyema, sepsis
Onset Acute
Duration Variable
Types N/A
Causes Bacterial infection, viral infection, fungal infection
Risks Smoking, chronic lung disease, immunosuppression
Diagnosis Chest X-ray, CT scan, sputum culture
Differential diagnosis Pneumonia, pleurisy, lung abscess
Prevention N/A
Treatment Antibiotics, antiviral drugs, pleural drainage
Medication Amoxicillin, azithromycin, oseltamivir
Prognosis Variable, depends on underlying cause and treatment
Frequency Common in hospitalized patients with respiratory infections
Deaths N/A


A respiratory disease affecting the lungs and pleura


Pleuropneumonia is a type of pneumonia that involves both the lungs and the pleura, the membrane surrounding the lungs. This condition is characterized by inflammation of the lung tissue and the pleural space, often leading to the accumulation of fluid, known as pleural effusion.

Pathophysiology[edit | edit source]

Pleuropneumonia occurs when an infection, typically bacterial, affects the lung parenchyma and extends to the pleural space. The most common causative agents are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. The infection leads to an inflammatory response, resulting in the accumulation of inflammatory cells and fluid in the alveoli and pleural cavity. The presence of fluid in the pleural space can compress the lung, impairing respiratory function and causing symptoms such as dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and cough. The inflammation of the pleura, known as pleuritis, can cause sharp chest pain that worsens with breathing or coughing.

Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]

Patients with pleuropneumonia typically present with symptoms of pneumonia, including fever, productive cough, and malaise. The involvement of the pleura adds additional symptoms such as pleuritic chest pain and signs of pleural effusion, which may include decreased breath sounds and dullness to percussion over the affected area.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

The diagnosis of pleuropneumonia is based on clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. A chest X-ray or CT scan can reveal consolidation in the lung and fluid in the pleural space. Thoracentesis, the procedure of aspirating fluid from the pleural space, can be performed to analyze the fluid and identify the causative organism.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

The treatment of pleuropneumonia involves addressing both the infection and the pleural effusion. Antibiotic therapy is the mainstay of treatment, with the choice of antibiotics guided by the suspected or identified pathogen. In cases of significant pleural effusion, therapeutic thoracentesis may be necessary to relieve symptoms and improve lung function.

Complications[edit | edit source]

Complications of pleuropneumonia can include empyema, a collection of pus in the pleural space, and lung abscess, a localized collection of pus within the lung tissue. Chronic pleural effusion can lead to fibrosis and impaired lung function.

Prevention[edit | edit source]

Preventive measures include vaccination against common pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. Good hygiene practices and prompt treatment of respiratory infections can also reduce the risk of developing pleuropneumonia.

See also[edit | edit source]

WikiMD
Navigation: Wellness - Encyclopedia - Health topics - Disease Index‏‎ - Drugs - World Directory - Gray's Anatomy - Keto diet - Recipes

Search WikiMD

Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available.
Advertise on WikiMD

WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Let Food Be Thy Medicine
Medicine Thy Food - Hippocrates

Medical Disclaimer: WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. The information on WikiMD is provided as an information resource only, may be incorrect, outdated or misleading, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. Please consult your health care provider before making any healthcare decisions or for guidance about a specific medical condition. WikiMD expressly disclaims responsibility, and shall have no liability, for any damages, loss, injury, or liability whatsoever suffered as a result of your reliance on the information contained in this site. By visiting this site you agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, which may from time to time be changed or supplemented by WikiMD. If you do not agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, you should not enter or use this site. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates, categories Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.

Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD