Zinc toxicity
Overview of zinc toxicity in humans
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Zinc Toxicity[edit | edit source]
Zinc toxicity refers to the adverse health effects that occur when the body is exposed to excessive levels of zinc. Zinc is an essential trace element necessary for various biological functions, but in high doses, it can be harmful.
Causes[edit | edit source]
Zinc toxicity can occur from excessive dietary intake, overuse of zinc supplements, or exposure to zinc-containing substances such as zinc oxide or zinc chloride. Industrial exposure, such as inhalation of zinc fumes during welding, can also lead to toxicity.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
The symptoms of zinc toxicity can vary depending on the level and duration of exposure. Common symptoms include:
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal cramps
- Headache
- Lethargy
Chronic exposure to high levels of zinc can lead to more severe health issues, such as:
- Copper deficiency
- Neurological disorders
- Impaired immune function
Mechanism[edit | edit source]
Zinc toxicity primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract and can interfere with the absorption of other essential minerals, such as copper and iron. Excessive zinc can disrupt cellular processes and enzyme functions, leading to oxidative stress and cellular damage.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of zinc toxicity is based on clinical symptoms and confirmed by measuring elevated levels of zinc in the blood or urine. A detailed history of dietary intake and potential exposure sources is also important.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment involves removing the source of zinc exposure and managing symptoms. In cases of severe toxicity, chelation therapy may be used to bind and remove excess zinc from the body. Supportive care, including hydration and electrolyte management, is also important.
Prevention[edit | edit source]
Preventing zinc toxicity involves adhering to recommended dietary allowances and avoiding excessive use of zinc supplements. Occupational safety measures should be implemented to reduce industrial exposure.
Related pages[edit | edit source]
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