Ichthyosis vulgaris

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Ichthyosis vulgaris
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Synonyms	Autosomal dominant ichthyosis
Pronounce
Specialty	Dermatology
Symptoms	Dry skin, scaling, itching
Complications	Eczema, keratosis pilaris
Onset	Childhood
Duration	Lifelong
Types	N/A
Causes	Genetic mutation in the FLG gene
Risks	Family history
Diagnosis	Clinical examination, genetic testing
Differential diagnosis	X-linked ichthyosis, atopic dermatitis
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Moisturizers, keratolytic agents
Medication	Topical retinoids, urea cream
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	1 in 250 to 1 in 1,000 people
Deaths	N/A

File:2012 April mosaic lines left calf.jpg

Ichthyosis vulgaris on the left calf

Ichthyosis vulgaris is a common skin condition that is characterized by dry, scaly skin. It is the most common form of ichthyosis, affecting around 1 in 250 people. The condition is often inherited and usually appears in early childhood.

Symptoms

The main symptom of ichthyosis vulgaris is dry, scaly skin. The scales are often white, fine and powdery, but they can also be dark and coarse. The skin may also be thickened and cracked, especially on the hands and feet. Other symptoms can include:

• Itching
• Eczema
• Keratosis pilaris (small, rough bumps on the skin)
• Hyperlinear palms (increased number of skin lines on the palms)

Causes

Ichthyosis vulgaris is usually caused by a genetic mutation that affects the production of filaggrin, a protein that helps to form the skin's protective outer layer. This mutation is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, which means that an affected person has a 50% chance of passing the condition on to each of their children.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of ichthyosis vulgaris is usually based on the appearance of the skin. A skin biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Genetic testing can also be used to identify the mutation causing the condition.

Treatment

There is currently no cure for ichthyosis vulgaris, but the condition can be managed with regular skin care. This usually involves daily bathing and moisturizing to help remove scales and prevent dryness. Topical treatments such as lactic acid, salicylic acid and urea can also be used to help soften the skin. In severe cases, retinoids may be prescribed to reduce the production of skin cells.

See also

• Ichthyosis
• Skin condition
• Genetic disorder