Nicotine dependence

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Nicotine dependence is a condition where an individual feels a compulsive need to use nicotine despite the potential health risks. It is a form of substance dependence that can lead to tobacco use disorder.

Causes[edit | edit source]

Nicotine dependence is primarily caused by the regular use of tobacco products. Nicotine, a key ingredient in tobacco, is a highly addictive substance that triggers the release of dopamine in the brain, leading to feelings of pleasure and reward. Over time, the brain becomes accustomed to these feelings and develops a tolerance to nicotine, requiring more of the substance to achieve the same effect. This leads to dependence.

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

Symptoms of nicotine dependence include:

  • Cravings for tobacco
  • Restlessness or irritability when unable to use tobacco
  • Continued use of tobacco despite health problems
  • Giving up social or recreational activities in order to use tobacco

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of nicotine dependence is based on a thorough clinical interview and assessment of the individual's symptoms and tobacco use history. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) provides criteria for diagnosing tobacco use disorder, which includes nicotine dependence.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for nicotine dependence often involves a combination of medication and behavioral therapies. Medications such as nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion, and varenicline can help reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Behavioral therapies, including cognitive-behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing, can help individuals develop skills to resist the urge to use tobacco and cope with cravings.

Prevention[edit | edit source]

Prevention strategies for nicotine dependence include public health initiatives to discourage tobacco use, particularly among young people, and interventions to help current tobacco users quit.

See also[edit | edit source]

Nicotine dependence Resources

Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD