Trigonocephaly

Trigonocephaly is a type of craniosynostosis, a condition characterized by the premature fusion of the cranial sutures. This particular form of craniosynostosis results in a triangular shape of the forehead when viewed from above, hence the name 'trigonocephaly' (from the Greek words 'trigonon' meaning triangle, and 'kephale' meaning head).

Causes

Trigonocephaly is caused by the premature fusion of the metopic suture, one of the major sutures in the skull. This suture runs from the top of the head down the middle of the forehead, towards the nose. When this suture closes too early, it can cause the forehead to appear pointed or triangular.

Symptoms

The most noticeable symptom of trigonocephaly is the distinctive triangular shape of the forehead. However, other symptoms can include:

• A visible ridge running down the middle of the forehead
• Narrow, slanted eye openings
• A small, underdeveloped midface
• Developmental delays

Diagnosis

Trigonocephaly is typically diagnosed through a physical examination. The distinctive shape of the forehead is usually enough to make a diagnosis. However, in some cases, imaging tests such as X-rays or CT scans may be used to confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity of the condition.

Treatment

The primary treatment for trigonocephaly is surgery. This is usually performed in the first year of life and involves reopening the fused suture to allow for normal brain and skull growth. The specific surgical technique used can vary depending on the severity of the condition and the child's overall health.

Prognosis

With early diagnosis and treatment, most children with trigonocephaly are able to lead normal lives. However, they may require ongoing monitoring and additional surgeries as they grow.

See also

• Craniosynostosis
• Plagiocephaly
• Scaphocephaly
• Craniofacial surgery

Trigonocephaly Resources
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