Balance disorder

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Balance Disorder Illustration A

Balance disorder is a condition that makes an individual feel unsteady or dizzy, as if they are moving, spinning, or floating, even when they are standing still or lying down. Balance disorders can be caused by several different conditions affecting the inner ear, brain, or sensory nerve pathways. The sense of balance is primarily controlled by the vestibular system in the inner ear, alongside inputs from the visual system and the proprioceptors in the muscles and joints, which help the body understand its position in space.

Causes[edit | edit source]

Balance disorders can have various causes, including but not limited to:

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

Common symptoms of balance disorders include:

  • Dizziness or vertigo (a spinning sensation)
  • Feeling of floating or feeling as if one is going to fall
  • Blurred vision
  • Confusion or disorientation
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Changes in heart rate or blood pressure
  • Fear, anxiety, or panic

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosing balance disorders involves a thorough medical history review and physical examination, including neurological tests. Additional tests may include:

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for balance disorders depends on the underlying cause. Options may include:

  • Medications to treat the symptoms or underlying conditions
  • Physical therapy or vestibular rehabilitation to improve balance
  • Surgery, in cases where there is a structural problem in the inner ear
  • Lifestyle changes, such as dietary modifications in the case of Meniere's disease

Prevention[edit | edit source]

While not all balance disorders can be prevented, some measures can reduce the risk or severity of symptoms:

  • Avoiding rapid changes in position
  • Using caution on uneven surfaces
  • Reducing or eliminating use of substances that can affect balance, such as alcohol and certain medications
  • Regular exercise to improve strength, flexibility, and balance

See Also[edit | edit source]


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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD