Choroidal nevus
A benign pigmented growth in the eye
Choroidal Nevus[edit | edit source]
A choroidal nevus is a benign pigmented growth located in the choroid, which is the vascular layer of the eye situated between the retina and the sclera. These nevi are similar to moles on the skin and are usually asymptomatic, often discovered during routine eye examinations.
Characteristics[edit | edit source]
Choroidal nevi are typically flat or slightly elevated lesions that can vary in color from gray to brown. They are generally less than 5 mm in diameter. The presence of drusen, which are yellowish deposits, can sometimes be observed on the surface of the nevus, indicating chronicity.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
The diagnosis of a choroidal nevus is primarily made through a comprehensive eye examination, including ophthalmoscopy and optical coherence tomography (OCT). In some cases, ultrasound imaging may be used to assess the thickness and internal reflectivity of the lesion.
Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
It is crucial to differentiate a choroidal nevus from a choroidal melanoma, which is a malignant tumor. Factors that may suggest malignancy include thickness greater than 2 mm, presence of subretinal fluid, symptoms such as visual disturbances, and orange pigmentation.
Management[edit | edit source]
Most choroidal nevi do not require treatment and are simply monitored for changes over time. Regular follow-up with an eye care professional is recommended to ensure that the nevus does not exhibit signs of transformation into melanoma.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
The prognosis for individuals with a choroidal nevus is generally excellent, as these lesions are benign and rarely transform into melanoma. However, regular monitoring is essential to detect any changes early.
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
