Postcoital bleeding

Postcoital Bleeding

Postcoital Bleeding refers to non-menstrual bleeding that occurs during or after sexual intercourse. This condition can be a symptom of various underlying health issues, ranging from minor to serious. Understanding the potential causes and when to seek medical advice is crucial for managing and addressing this symptom effectively.

Overview

Postcoital bleeding is a condition characterized by spotting or bleeding that is not related to the menstrual cycle and occurs during or after sexual intercourse. While it can be alarming, the cause of postcoital bleeding can often be identified and treated.

A gynecological examination, which may be performed to diagnose the cause of postcoital bleeding. (Placeholder image)

Causes

Several conditions can lead to postcoital bleeding, including but not limited to:

• Cervical Erosion: Also known as cervical ectropion, this is a condition where the cells from the inside of the cervical canal are present on the outside surface of the cervix.
• Cervicitis: Inflammation of the cervix, often due to infection.
• Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs): Such as chlamydia or gonorrhea, which can cause inflammation and bleeding.
• Cervical Polyps: Noncancerous growths on the cervix that can bleed easily when touched.
• Vaginal Dryness: Which can lead to friction and bleeding during intercourse.
• Cervical Cancer: In some cases, postcoital bleeding can be an early sign of cervical cancer, highlighting the importance of regular cervical screening tests.

Diagnosis

Diagnosing the cause of postcoital bleeding typically involves:

• A thorough medical history and physical examination.
• A pelvic examination to look for any abnormalities or signs of infection.
• Pap smear tests to screen for cervical cancer or precancerous changes.
• Cultures or swabs to test for STIs.
• Ultrasound or biopsy, if necessary, to further investigate the cause.

Treatment

Treatment for postcoital bleeding depends on the underlying cause:

• Infections may require antibiotics.
• Hormonal imbalances may be addressed with hormonal therapy.
• Polyps may need to be removed surgically.
• For conditions like vaginal dryness, lubricants or estrogen therapy may be recommended.

When to Seek Medical Advice

It's important to seek medical advice if you experience postcoital bleeding, especially if the bleeding is recurrent, heavy, or accompanied by other symptoms such as pain, unusual vaginal discharge, or if you are postmenopausal.

External Links

• World Health Organization (WHO): Sexual and Reproductive Health
• American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists

Postcoital bleeding Resources
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