Unilateral palmoplantar verrucous nevus
Unilateral palmoplantar verrucous nevus[edit | edit source]
Unilateral palmoplantar verrucous nevus is a rare dermatological condition characterized by the presence of wart-like lesions on the palms and soles, typically affecting only one side of the body. This condition is a type of epidermal nevus, which is a benign growth of the skin.
Presentation[edit | edit source]
The condition manifests as thickened, verrucous (wart-like) plaques that are confined to the palm and/or sole of one side of the body. These lesions are usually present at birth or develop in early childhood. The affected skin may appear hyperkeratotic and can sometimes be painful, especially when pressure is applied, such as during walking.
Pathophysiology[edit | edit source]
Unilateral palmoplantar verrucous nevus is thought to result from a postzygotic somatic mutation, leading to mosaicism. This means that the genetic mutation is present in only a portion of the body's cells, which explains the localized nature of the lesions. The exact genetic mutations involved are not fully understood, but they are believed to affect the keratinocytes, the predominant cell type in the epidermis.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic appearance and distribution of the lesions. A skin biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions such as verruca vulgaris (common warts) or palmoplantar keratoderma. Histological examination typically shows hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and papillomatosis.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment options are limited and primarily aimed at managing symptoms. Topical keratolytics, such as salicylic acid, can be used to reduce hyperkeratosis. In some cases, surgical removal or laser therapy may be considered, although recurrence is common. Regular follow-up with a dermatologist is recommended to monitor the condition.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
The condition is benign and does not typically lead to serious health issues. However, the lesions can be cosmetically concerning and may cause discomfort. The prognosis is generally good, with management focused on symptom relief.
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