Callus
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- Callus is a thickened and hard area of skin due to consistent pressure or friction.
- A callus may also refer to the area around a bone break where new bone is formed.
- While caluses usually form on the bottom of the feet, corns form on the top.
Pathophysiology[edit | edit source]
- Calluses grow on the bottom of the foot or on the outer edge of a toe or heel.
- A callus may spread across the ball of your foot.
- This type of callus is usually due to a problem with a metatarsal - the long bone at the base of a toe, near the ball of the foot.
- A pinch callus may grow along the outer edge of the heel or the big toe.
- Some calluses press up into the foot instead of spreading on the outside.
- A callus may form a central core or plug of tissue where pressure is greatest.
Purpose[edit | edit source]
The thickening of the skin is a protective reaction.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
- Skin is thick and hardened.
- Skin may be flaky and dry.
- Hardened, thick skin areas are found on hands, feet, or other areas that may be rubbed or pressed.
- The affected areas can be painful and may bleed.
Investigations[edit | edit source]
The diagnosis is usually made by history and physical examination and tests are not needed.
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Preventing friction is often the only treatment needed.
- Calluses often occur due to excess pressure placed on the skin because of another problem such as bunions or hammertoes.
- Proper treatment of any underlying condition should prevent the calluses from returning.
- Wear gloves to protect your hands during activities that cause friction to help prevent calluses.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
- Corns and calluses are rarely serious.
- They should improve with proper treatment and not cause long-term problems.
Complications[edit | edit source]
- Complications of corns and calluses are rare.
- People with diabetes are prone to ulcers and infections and should regularly examine their feet to identify any problems right away.
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