Reactive perforating collagenosis

Reactive perforating collagenosis (RPC) is a rare skin disorder characterized by the elimination of altered collagen through the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. It is one of the four classic forms of perforating dermatosis, a group of skin disorders marked by transepidermal elimination of dermal material.

Etiology

The exact cause of reactive perforating collagenosis is unknown. However, it is believed to be associated with a defect in the collagen-elimination mechanism of the skin. Some cases have been linked to diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, and hypothyroidism. It is also known to occur in individuals with Down syndrome.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of reactive perforating collagenosis is the appearance of small, itchy papules on the skin. These papules are often covered with a crust and may be surrounded by a red halo. They typically appear on the limbs, especially the hands and feet, but can also occur on the trunk.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of reactive perforating collagenosis is primarily based on the characteristic skin lesions. A skin biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Under the microscope, the skin sample will show a plug of collagen being eliminated through the epidermis.

Treatment

Treatment for reactive perforating collagenosis is aimed at relieving the symptoms and preventing new lesions. This may include topical creams to reduce itching, oral antihistamines, and in severe cases, phototherapy or systemic retinoids.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with reactive perforating collagenosis is generally good. The condition is not life-threatening, but it can cause significant discomfort and may impact the individual's quality of life.

See also

• Perforating disorder
• Skin biopsy
• Collagen

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