Erythema chronicum migrans

Erythema chronicum migrans
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Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Rash, fever, fatigue, headache
Complications	Lyme disease
Onset	3-30 days after tick bite
Duration	Weeks to months
Types	N/A
Causes	Borrelia burgdorferi
Risks	Tick exposure
Diagnosis	Clinical diagnosis, serology
Differential diagnosis	N/A
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Antibiotics
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	Common in endemic areas
Deaths	N/A

Erythema chronicum migrans (ECM) is a characteristic skin rash often associated with the early stage of Lyme disease. It is caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected Ixodes ticks, commonly known as deer ticks.

Presentation

The rash typically appears 3 to 30 days after a tick bite and begins as a small red spot at the site of the bite. It gradually expands over several days, forming a circular or oval-shaped rash with a central clearing, resembling a bull's-eye. This rash is often accompanied by other symptoms such as fever, fatigue, headache, and muscle aches.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of erythema chronicum migrans is primarily clinical, based on the appearance of the rash and the patient's history of possible tick exposure. Serological tests may be used to support the diagnosis, especially in later stages of Lyme disease.

Treatment

The standard treatment for erythema chronicum migrans is a course of antibiotics, such as doxycycline, amoxicillin, or cefuroxime axetil. Early treatment is crucial to prevent the progression to more severe forms of Lyme disease.

Prevention

Preventive measures include avoiding tick-infested areas, using insect repellent, wearing protective clothing, and performing regular tick checks after potential exposure.

See also

• Lyme disease
• Borrelia
• Tick-borne diseases

External links

• CDC Lyme Disease Information
• NIAID Lyme Disease Research