Benign fasciculation syndrome

Benign fasciculation syndrome (BFS) is a neurological disorder characterized by fasciculation (twitching) of various voluntary muscles in the body. The twitching can occur in any voluntary muscle group but is most common in the eyelids, arms, legs, and feet. Even the tongue can be affected. The twitching may be occasional or may go on nearly continuously.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of BFS is involuntary twitching of various muscle groups. Other symptoms may include fatigue, exercise intolerance, and muscle pain, which can be severe in some individuals. The twitching and other symptoms may be exacerbated by anxiety, stress, and physical activity.

Causes

The exact cause of BFS is unknown. However, it is believed to be due to hyperexcitability of the nerves that stimulate the muscles. This can be triggered by various factors, including stress, anxiety, and physical activity.

Diagnosis

BFS is diagnosed based on the presence of the characteristic symptoms and the exclusion of other conditions that can cause similar symptoms, such as Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Multiple sclerosis (MS). This may involve a thorough medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests, such as electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies.

Treatment

There is no cure for BFS, but the symptoms can be managed with medication and lifestyle changes. Medications used to treat BFS include beta-blockers, anti-seizure drugs, and anti-anxiety drugs. Lifestyle changes may include stress management techniques and regular exercise.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with BFS is generally good. The condition is not life-threatening and does not lead to other neurological disorders. However, the symptoms can be bothersome and may interfere with daily activities.

See also

• Neurological disorders
• Muscle twitch
• Stress (biology)

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