Chorea

Chorea

Hereditary_chorea,_year_5

Chorea is a neurological condition characterized by involuntary, irregular muscle movements that are brief, non-repetitive, and unpredictable. This disorder affects the body's motor functions, leading to fluid and dance-like movements that can impact various parts of the body. Chorea is notably associated with Huntington's disease, but it can also arise from a variety of other conditions.

Causes

Chorea can be caused by several factors, including:

• Genetic disorders, with Huntington's disease being the most well-known cause.
• Autoimmune diseases, such as Sydenham's chorea, which is associated with rheumatic fever.
• Metabolic disorders.
• Drug-induced chorea, resulting from the side effects of certain medications.
• Infections and other conditions affecting the brain.

Symptoms

Symptoms of chorea include:

• Involuntary movements that are rapid, jerky, and unpredictable.
• Muscle weakness and coordination problems.
• Difficulty maintaining posture and balance.
• Changes in gait and facial expressions.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of chorea involves:

• Clinical evaluation of the symptoms.
• Neurological examination.
• Genetic testing, especially for conditions like Huntington's disease.
• Imaging studies, such as MRI or CT scans, to observe brain structure and function.
• Blood tests to identify possible metabolic or autoimmune causes.

Treatment

While there is no cure for chorea, treatment focuses on managing symptoms and may include:

• Medications to reduce involuntary movements, such as antipsychotics or benzodiazepines.
• Therapies to improve motor skills and manage physical symptoms.
• Supportive care for emotional and psychological well-being.

Association with Huntington's Disease

Huntington's disease is a genetic disorder that leads to the progressive degeneration of nerve cells in the brain. Chorea is a hallmark symptom of Huntington's, along with cognitive decline and psychiatric issues. Understanding and managing chorea is crucial in the overall care for patients with Huntington's disease.

External Links

• National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) - Chorea Information Page
• Huntington's Disease Society of America (HDSA)

Chorea Resources
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