Invasive lobular carcinoma

Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is the second most common type of breast cancer after invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). It is characterized by cancer cells that have spread from the lobules where they originated into the surrounding breast tissue.

Epidemiology[edit | edit source]

ILC accounts for approximately 10% of all breast cancers. It is more common in older women, with the majority of cases occurring in women over the age of 55.

Pathophysiology[edit | edit source]

In ILC, cancer cells originate in the milk-producing lobules and then invade the surrounding breast tissue. These cells can also spread to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system and the bloodstream. Unlike IDC, ILC tends to occur in multiple areas in the breast and is often bilateral, affecting both breasts.

Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]

The symptoms of ILC may be less obvious than those of IDC. The most common symptom is a change in the texture of the breast tissue, often described as a thickening or fullness in one part of the breast. Other symptoms can include a newly inverted nipple or skin changes such as dimpling or puckering.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of ILC can be more challenging than other types of breast cancer due to its subtle symptoms and the fact that it often does not form a distinct lump. It may not be detected on a mammogram and may require additional imaging tests such as an ultrasound or MRI. A definitive diagnosis is made through a biopsy of the suspicious tissue.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

The treatment for ILC is similar to that for other types of breast cancer and may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and targeted therapies. The choice of treatment depends on the stage of the cancer, the patient's overall health, and their personal preferences.

Prognosis[edit | edit source]

The prognosis for ILC is generally similar to that for IDC when detected and treated at the same stage. However, because ILC is often diagnosed at a later stage due to its subtle symptoms, the overall survival rate may be slightly lower.