Tree nut allergy

Tree nut allergy is a type of food allergy to tree nuts. It is distinct from peanut allergy, as peanuts are legumes, whereas a tree nut is a hard-shelled fruit.

Signs and symptoms

The severity of tree nut allergy reactions can vary. Reactions can range from mild symptoms such as rashes and itching to severe and potentially life-threatening conditions such as anaphylaxis. Other symptoms can include hives, swelling, and digestive problems.

Causes

Tree nut allergies are triggered by the immune system's response to proteins in tree nuts. The immune system mistakenly identifies these proteins as harmful and releases chemicals to protect the body. This reaction can cause symptoms such as itching, hives, and swelling.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of tree nut allergy is typically made by an allergist or immunologist. It involves a detailed medical history, a physical examination, and possibly allergy testing. Allergy testing can include skin prick tests, blood tests, and oral food challenges.

Treatment

There is currently no cure for tree nut allergies. The primary treatment is strict avoidance of tree nuts. This includes avoidance of foods that may contain tree nuts or are processed in facilities that also process tree nuts. In case of accidental ingestion, epinephrine is typically used to treat severe reactions.

See also

• Food allergy
• Peanut allergy
• Oral allergy syndrome

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