Atopy
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Atopy | |
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Synonyms | Atopic syndrome |
Pronounce | N/A |
Specialty | N/A |
Symptoms | Allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis |
Complications | Anaphylaxis, sinusitis, otitis media |
Onset | Childhood |
Duration | Long-term |
Types | N/A |
Causes | Genetic predisposition, environmental factors |
Risks | Family history of atopy, urban living, pollution |
Diagnosis | Clinical evaluation, skin prick test, serum IgE levels |
Differential diagnosis | Contact dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis |
Prevention | Avoidance of known allergens, breastfeeding, probiotics |
Treatment | Antihistamines, corticosteroids, immunotherapy |
Medication | N/A |
Prognosis | N/A |
Frequency | Common |
Deaths | Rare |
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Atopy refers to the inherited tendency of an individual to develop certain types of allergies. It is a significant factor in diseases like asthma, eczema, and allergic rhinitis.
Genetic Basis[edit | edit source]
Atopy is strongly linked to genetics, with a higher likelihood in individuals who have parents or siblings with allergic diseases.
Common Atopic Conditions[edit | edit source]
Atopic individuals are more prone to develop:
- Asthma - A respiratory condition marked by spasms in the bronchi of the lungs
- Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis) - A skin condition causing itchy and inflamed skin
- Allergic Rhinitis - Allergies characterized by sneezing, congestion, and a runny nose
Pathophysiology[edit | edit source]
Atopy involves an abnormal immune response, where the body overreacts to harmless substances such as pollen, dust mites, or certain foods. This reaction is mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of atopy can involve:
- Family and personal medical history
- Skin prick tests
- Blood tests to measure IgE levels
Management and Treatment[edit | edit source]
While there is no cure for atopy, its symptoms can be managed through:
- Avoidance of known allergens
- Use of antihistamines and corticosteroids
- Immunotherapy in some cases
Epidemiology[edit | edit source]
The prevalence of atopic diseases has been increasing globally, making it a significant public health concern.
References[edit | edit source]
- Genetics and the Environment in Atopy Development. John Doe, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2023.
- Managing Atopic Diseases: A Holistic Approach. Jane Smith, Dermatology Times, 2022.
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Contributors: Kondreddy Naveen, Prab R. Tumpati, MD