Urogenital fistula

Urogenital fistula is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal opening between the urinary tract and the genital tract. This condition is most commonly seen in women and is often a result of complications during childbirth, particularly in developing countries.

Causes[edit | edit source]

The primary cause of urogenital fistula is obstetric trauma, specifically prolonged obstructed labor. Other causes can include radiation therapy, malignancy, and surgical complications. In rare cases, urogenital fistula can be congenital.

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

The most common symptom of urogenital fistula is continuous urinary incontinence. Other symptoms can include recurrent urinary tract infections, foul-smelling vaginal discharge, and discomfort during sexual intercourse.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of urogenital fistula typically involves a thorough medical history and physical examination. Additional diagnostic tests may include cystoscopy, intravenous pyelogram, and ultrasound.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for urogenital fistula primarily involves surgery to close the fistula. In some cases, conservative management may be attempted first, particularly if the fistula is small and the patient is not symptomatic.

Prognosis[edit | edit source]

The prognosis for urogenital fistula is generally good, particularly if the condition is diagnosed and treated promptly. However, the condition can have a significant impact on a woman's quality of life, particularly if it results in chronic incontinence.

Prevention[edit | edit source]

Prevention of urogenital fistula primarily involves improving access to quality obstetric care, particularly in developing countries. This includes access to emergency obstetric services, such as cesarean section, for women experiencing prolonged obstructed labor.