Urethral diverticulum

Urethral diverticulum is a medical condition characterized by the formation of a pouch or sac-like protrusion in the urethra. This condition is more common in women than in men and can lead to various symptoms such as recurrent urinary tract infections, discomfort during sexual intercourse, and urinary incontinence.

Etiology

The exact cause of urethral diverticulum is not known. However, it is believed to be associated with recurrent urinary tract infections, trauma to the urethra, or obstruction of the paraurethral glands.

Symptoms

The symptoms of urethral diverticulum can vary greatly among individuals. Some people may not experience any symptoms, while others may have severe symptoms. Common symptoms include:

• Recurrent urinary tract infections
• Discomfort or pain during sexual intercourse
• Urinary incontinence
• A palpable mass in the vaginal area
• Dysuria, or painful urination

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of urethral diverticulum can be challenging due to the non-specific nature of the symptoms. It is often diagnosed through a combination of patient history, physical examination, and imaging studies such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cystoscopy.

Treatment

The primary treatment for urethral diverticulum is surgery, specifically a procedure known as urethral diverticulectomy. This involves the surgical removal of the diverticulum. In some cases, antibiotics may be prescribed to treat any associated urinary tract infections.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with urethral diverticulum is generally good following treatment. However, complications can occur, including recurrence of the diverticulum, development of a urethrovaginal fistula, or damage to the urethra during surgery.

See also

• Urinary tract infections
• Urethra
• Urethrovaginal fistula