MORM syndrome

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Chromosome 9 Diagram

MORM syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a combination of mental retardation, obesity, retinal dystrophy, and micropenis. The name MORM is an acronym derived from these primary features. This syndrome is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.

Clinical Features

Individuals with MORM syndrome typically present with the following clinical features:

• **Mental Retardation**: A significant impairment in cognitive function and adaptive behaviors.
• **Obesity**: Excessive body weight, often beginning in childhood.
• **Retinal Dystrophy**: Progressive degeneration of the retina, leading to vision impairment or blindness.
• **Micropenis**: An abnormally small penis.

Genetics

MORM syndrome is caused by mutations in a specific gene, which is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. This means that an individual must inherit two copies of the mutated gene, one from each parent, to be affected by the disorder. Carriers, who have only one copy of the mutated gene, typically do not show symptoms.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of MORM syndrome is based on clinical evaluation, family history, and genetic testing. The presence of the characteristic features, along with genetic confirmation, is essential for a definitive diagnosis.

Management

There is currently no cure for MORM syndrome. Management focuses on addressing the individual symptoms and may include:

• Special education programs and therapies to support cognitive development.
• Nutritional and lifestyle interventions to manage obesity.
• Regular ophthalmologic evaluations to monitor and manage retinal dystrophy.
• Hormonal treatments or surgical options for micropenis, if necessary.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with MORM syndrome varies depending on the severity of the symptoms and the effectiveness of the management strategies. Early intervention and supportive care can improve the quality of life for affected individuals.

See Also

• Genetic disorder
• Autosomal recessive
• Mental retardation
• Obesity
• Retinal dystrophy
• Micropenis

Related Pages

• Genetic counseling
• Inherited metabolic disorders
• Developmental disabilities
• Endocrine disorders