Geniospasm

Geniospasm is a rare, inherited movement disorder that is characterized by episodes of involuntary up-and-down movement of the chin towards the chest. These episodes can last from a few seconds to a few minutes and can occur several times a day. The condition is usually benign and does not affect a person's health or lifespan.

Symptoms

The main symptom of geniospasm is the involuntary movement of the chin. This can be accompanied by other symptoms such as:

• Tremors
• Difficulty speaking
• Difficulty swallowing

Causes

Geniospasm is believed to be caused by a mutation in a gene. The exact gene is not known, but it is thought to be inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. This means that an affected person has a 50% chance of passing the disorder on to their children.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of geniospasm is based on the clinical symptoms and a family history of the disorder. Genetic testing may be used to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

There is no cure for geniospasm, but symptoms can be managed with medication. Botulinum toxin injections may also be used to reduce the severity of the movements.

See also

• Movement disorders
• Genetic disorders
• Neurological disorders

External links

• National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
• Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center

Geniospasm Resources
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