Mediastinal shift

Mediastinal shift is a medical condition characterized by the displacement of the mediastinum, the central compartment of the thoracic cavity, to one side. This shift can be caused by various factors, including lung collapse, lung cancer, pneumothorax, and pleural effusion.

Causes

Mediastinal shift can occur due to several reasons. One of the most common causes is the collapse of a lung, also known as atelectasis. This can occur due to a blockage in the airways or due to pressure on the outside of the lung.

Another common cause is lung cancer. The growth of a tumor can push the mediastinum to one side, causing a shift.

Pneumothorax, a condition where air collects in the pleural space, can also cause a mediastinal shift. This can occur due to a chest injury or spontaneously in people with certain lung diseases.

Pleural effusion, the buildup of fluid in the pleural space, can also cause a shift in the mediastinum. This can occur due to various conditions, including heart failure, kidney disease, and infection.

Symptoms

The symptoms of mediastinal shift can vary depending on the underlying cause. They can include shortness of breath, chest pain, cough, and fatigue. In severe cases, it can lead to life-threatening complications such as respiratory failure.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of mediastinal shift typically involves imaging tests such as a chest X-ray or CT scan. These tests can show the position of the mediastinum and any abnormalities that may be causing the shift.

Treatment

The treatment of mediastinal shift depends on the underlying cause. It can involve treating the cause, such as removing a tumor or draining fluid from the pleural space. In some cases, surgery may be required to reposition the mediastinum.

See also

• Thoracic cavity
• Pleural effusion
• Pneumothorax
• Lung cancer
• Atelectasis

Mediastinal shift Resources
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