Tumors

Tumors are abnormal growths of cells that can occur in any part of the body. They can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). The study of tumors is known as oncology, a branch of medicine that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Types of Tumors

Tumors can be classified into two main types: benign tumors and malignant tumors.

Benign Tumors

Benign tumors are non-cancerous growths that do not spread to other parts of the body. They grow slowly and are usually encapsulated, meaning they are confined to a specific area. Examples of benign tumors include adenomas, lipomas, and fibromas.

Malignant Tumors

Malignant tumors, also known as cancers, are characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and the ability to invade other tissues. They can spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymph systems. Examples of malignant tumors include carcinomas, sarcomas, and lymphomas.

Causes of Tumors

The exact cause of tumors is not fully understood, but they are thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. These can include exposure to certain chemicals and toxins, radiation, certain infections, and lifestyle factors such as diet and smoking.

Diagnosis of Tumors

Tumors are often diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and diagnostic tests. These can include imaging tests such as MRI or CT scan, and laboratory tests such as biopsy, where a small sample of tissue is removed for examination under a microscope.

Treatment of Tumors

The treatment of tumors depends on the type, size, and location of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health. Treatment options can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy.

See Also

• Cancer
• Oncology
• Benign tumor
• Malignant tumor