Infrapatellar bursitis

An overview of infrapatellar bursitis, its causes, symptoms, and treatment

Infrapatellar Bursitis

Diagram showing the location of the prepatellar bursa, which is similar in location to the infrapatellar bursa.

Infrapatellar bursitis, also known as clergyman's knee, is a condition characterized by inflammation of the infrapatellar bursa, a small fluid-filled sac located just below the kneecap (patella). This bursa acts as a cushion to reduce friction between the skin and the underlying patellar tendon.

Anatomy

The infrapatellar bursa is situated between the patellar tendon and the skin. It is one of several bursae around the knee joint, including the prepatellar bursa and the suprapatellar bursa. The infrapatellar bursa can be divided into two parts: the superficial infrapatellar bursa and the deep infrapatellar bursa.

Causes

Infrapatellar bursitis is often caused by repetitive kneeling or trauma to the knee. It is commonly seen in individuals whose occupations or activities involve frequent kneeling, such as carpet layers, gardeners, and athletes. Other causes may include direct trauma to the knee, infection, or inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis.

Symptoms

The primary symptoms of infrapatellar bursitis include:

• Pain and tenderness just below the kneecap
• Swelling and warmth over the affected area
• Limited range of motion in the knee
• Difficulty kneeling or bending the knee

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of infrapatellar bursitis is typically based on clinical examination and patient history. A healthcare provider may perform a physical examination to assess swelling, tenderness, and range of motion. Imaging studies such as X-ray or MRI may be used to rule out other conditions.

Treatment

Treatment for infrapatellar bursitis focuses on reducing inflammation and relieving symptoms. Common treatment options include:

• Rest and avoidance of activities that exacerbate symptoms
• Application of ice packs to reduce swelling
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain relief
• Physical therapy to improve flexibility and strength
• Aspiration of the bursa fluid in severe cases
• Corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation

In cases where infection is present, antibiotics may be prescribed. Surgical intervention is rarely required but may be considered if conservative treatments fail.

Prevention

Preventive measures for infrapatellar bursitis include:

• Using knee pads or cushions when kneeling
• Taking regular breaks to avoid prolonged pressure on the knees
• Strengthening exercises for the muscles around the knee
• Maintaining a healthy weight to reduce stress on the knees

Related pages

• Bursitis
• Knee joint
• Patellar tendonitis
• Prepatellar bursitis