Microcystic lymphatic malformation
Alternate names[edit | edit source]
Superficial lymphangioma; Capillary lymphangioma; Capillary lymphatic malformation; Cutaneous lymphangioma circumscriptum; Microcystic infiltrating lymphatic malformation; Microcystic lymphangioma; Superficial lymphatic malformation
Definition[edit | edit source]
Microcystic lymphatic malformation is one subtype of lymphatic malformation (LM), a congenital malformation of the lymphatic vessels in soft tissues, including the skin.
Cause[edit | edit source]
The exact cause is unknown but is likely related to a malformation of the lymphatic system at six to ten weeks of gestation, when some lymphatic tissue fails to communicate with the lymphatic and venous system.
Types[edit | edit source]
- LM is classified into the macrocystic type, cysts larger than 2 cm with clear margins (previously known as cystic hygromas), and the microcystic type, consisting of cysts smaller than 2 cm, that appear diffuse, and grow without clear borders (previously known as lymphangioma circumscriptum).
- When the two types concur it is called the combined type.
Signs and symptoms[edit | edit source]
- Microcystic lesions are commonly found inside the mouth, throat, and in the tongue, parotid gland and submandibular gland.
- Symptoms include deformity, and problems with breathing and feeding.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Treatment[edit | edit source]
- Treatment depends upon the clinical presentation, the size of the lesion, the location, and resulting complications.
- Superficial mucosal microcystic lesions may be treated with laser therapy.
NIH genetic and rare disease info[edit source]
Microcystic lymphatic malformation is a rare disease.
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