Dens invaginatus

Dens invaginatus is a rare dental condition characterized by an invagination of the outer surface of a tooth into the interior. This condition, also known as dens in dente or tooth within a tooth, can affect both primary and permanent teeth, but is most commonly observed in the permanent maxillary lateral incisors.

Etiology[edit | edit source]

The exact cause of dens invaginatus is unknown, but it is believed to occur during the tooth's development stage. Some theories suggest that it may be due to a rapid and aggressive proliferation of the inner enamel epithelium into the dental papilla, which is then followed by the formation of hard dental tissues around this invagination.

Clinical Features[edit | edit source]

Dens invaginatus can range from a mild form, where only a small pit is observed on the tooth's surface, to a severe form, where the invagination extends into the root and may even perforate the apex of the tooth. This can lead to complications such as dental caries, pulpitis, periapical periodontitis, and even dental abscess formation.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of dens invaginatus is usually made through clinical examination and radiographic imaging. On a dental radiograph, the condition appears as a radiopaque invagination, often surrounded by a radiolucent halo.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

The treatment of dens invaginatus depends on the severity of the condition and the presence of any complications. In mild cases, preventive measures such as sealing the pit may be sufficient. In more severe cases, endodontic treatment or even tooth extraction may be necessary.

Epidemiology[edit | edit source]

Dens invaginatus is a relatively rare condition, with an estimated prevalence of 0.04% to 10% in the general population. It is more commonly observed in people of European descent.