Lockwood's sign

Lockwood's sign
Synonyms
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	Ophthalmology
Symptoms	Ptosis, Enophthalmos
Complications	N/A
Onset	N/A
Duration	N/A
Types	N/A
Causes	Horner's syndrome
Risks	N/A
Diagnosis	Clinical examination
Differential diagnosis	Myasthenia gravis, Third nerve palsy
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Treat underlying cause
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Depends on underlying condition
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

``` This template provides a structured summary of the medical condition known as Lockwood's sign, which is associated with certain ophthalmological symptoms and conditions. It is important for medical students to understand the clinical presentation, potential causes, and differential diagnoses when evaluating a patient with this sign. Lockwood's sign is a clinical sign in which there is excessive skin on the upper eyelid (dermatochalasis) that can be stretched away from the eye, then snaps back into place when released. This sign is often associated with Graves' disease, an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactive thyroid.

Causes

The primary cause of Lockwood's sign is Graves' disease. This autoimmune disorder leads to an overactive thyroid, a condition known as hyperthyroidism. The disease can cause a variety of symptoms, including weight loss, rapid heart rate, and anxiety. One of the most distinctive signs of Graves' disease is changes to the eyes, including swelling and inflammation, that can lead to Lockwood's sign.

Symptoms

The main symptom of Lockwood's sign is excessive skin on the upper eyelid that can be stretched away from the eye. This skin then snaps back into place when released. Other symptoms can include redness, swelling, and a feeling of grittiness in the eyes. Some people may also experience double vision or other vision problems.

Diagnosis

Lockwood's sign is typically diagnosed during a physical examination. A doctor may also order blood tests to check for the presence of certain antibodies that are often present in people with Graves' disease.

Treatment

Treatment for Lockwood's sign typically involves addressing the underlying cause, which is often Graves' disease. This can include medication to regulate the thyroid, as well as treatments to reduce inflammation and swelling in the eyes.

See also

• Graves' disease
• Hyperthyroidism
• Eye disease