T-cell leukemia

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T-cell leukemia
Synonyms T-cell lymphocytic leukemia
Pronounce N/A
Specialty N/A
Symptoms Fatigue, fever, weight loss, night sweats, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly
Complications Infection, anemia, thrombocytopenia, hypercalcemia
Onset Variable, often in adulthood
Duration Chronic
Types Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia, Large granular lymphocytic leukemia
Causes Genetic mutations, viral infections (e.g., HTLV-1)
Risks HTLV-1 infection, family history, immunosuppression
Diagnosis Blood test, bone marrow biopsy, immunophenotyping, genetic testing
Differential diagnosis B-cell leukemia, lymphoma, reactive lymphocytosis
Prevention Avoidance of HTLV-1 exposure
Treatment Chemotherapy, antiviral therapy, stem cell transplant
Medication N/A
Prognosis Variable, depends on type and stage
Frequency Rare
Deaths N/A


T-cell leukemia is a type of cancer that affects the T cells of the immune system. It is a subtype of leukemia, a broader category of blood cancers. T-cell leukemia is characterized by the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of T cells, which can lead to a variety of symptoms and complications.

Types[edit | edit source]

There are several types of T-cell leukemia, each with its own unique characteristics and prognosis. These include:

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

The symptoms of T-cell leukemia can vary depending on the specific type of leukemia and the stage of the disease. Common symptoms may include:

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of T-cell leukemia typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, blood tests, and biopsy of the bone marrow or lymph nodes. Additional tests may be performed to determine the specific type of T-cell leukemia and to assess the extent of the disease.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for T-cell leukemia depends on the specific type of leukemia, the stage of the disease, and the patient's overall health. Treatment options may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, stem cell transplantation, and targeted therapies.

See also[edit | edit source]

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD