Hypercalcemia

Hypercalcemia is a condition characterized by an abnormally high level of calcium in the blood. It is most commonly caused by overactivity in one or more of the parathyroid glands, which control the amount of calcium in our bodies. Other causes include cancer, certain medications, and excessive intake of calcium or vitamin D.

Causes

Hypercalcemia can be caused by various conditions, including:

• Hyperparathyroidism: This is the most common cause of hypercalcemia. It occurs when one or more of the parathyroid glands produce too much parathyroid hormone, leading to increased levels of calcium in the blood.

• Cancer: Certain types of cancer can cause hypercalcemia, including lung cancer, breast cancer, and multiple myeloma. This is often due to the cancer spreading to the bones, causing calcium to be released into the bloodstream.

• Medications: Certain medications can cause hypercalcemia, including lithium and certain types of diuretics.

• Excessive intake of calcium or vitamin D: Consuming too much calcium or vitamin D, either through diet or supplements, can lead to hypercalcemia.

Symptoms

The symptoms of hypercalcemia can vary depending on the severity of the condition. They may include:

• Fatigue
• Increased thirst and urination
• Nausea and vomiting
• Constipation
• Abdominal pain
• Muscle weakness
• Confusion or memory problems
• Depression

Treatment

The treatment for hypercalcemia depends on the underlying cause. It may include:

• Intravenous fluids: This can help to flush the excess calcium out of the body.

• Medications: Certain medications can help to lower calcium levels in the blood.

• Surgery: In some cases, surgery may be needed to remove the overactive parathyroid glands.

See also

• Hypocalcemia
• Parathyroid gland
• Vitamin D

Hypercalcemia Resources
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