Renal failure

Renal failure, also known as kidney failure, is a medical condition in which the kidneys cease to function properly. This can occur suddenly, in which case it is referred to as acute renal failure, or gradually over time, known as chronic renal failure.

Causes

Renal failure can be caused by a variety of factors, including diabetes, high blood pressure, and certain autoimmune diseases. Other potential causes include kidney stones, urinary tract obstruction, and certain medications or toxins.

Symptoms

Symptoms of renal failure can vary greatly depending on the severity of the condition and the individual patient. Common symptoms include fatigue, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and swelling in the legs and ankles. In severe cases, renal failure can lead to seizures or coma.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of renal failure typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. These tests may include blood tests, urine tests, and imaging studies such as ultrasound or CT scan.

Treatment

Treatment for renal failure depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. Options may include medication, dietary changes, dialysis, or kidney transplant.

See also

• Kidney disease
• Nephrology
• Urology

Renal failure Resources
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