Liver failure

From WikiMD.com Medical Encyclopedia

Overview of liver failure



Liver failure is a life-threatening condition that occurs when large parts of the liver become damaged beyond repair and the liver is no longer able to function. It is a serious medical emergency that requires immediate attention.

Types[edit | edit source]

Liver failure can be classified into two main types:

Acute liver failure[edit | edit source]

Acute liver failure can occur rapidly.

Acute liver failure, also known as fulminant hepatic failure, occurs when the liver rapidly loses its ability to function. This can happen within days or weeks and is often caused by factors such as acetaminophen overdose, viral hepatitis, or ingestion of toxic substances.

Chronic liver failure[edit | edit source]

Chronic liver failure, or end-stage liver disease, develops more slowly over months or years. It is often the result of long-term liver damage due to conditions such as cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis B or hepatitis C, and alcoholic liver disease.

Causes[edit | edit source]

The causes of liver failure can vary depending on whether it is acute or chronic. Common causes include:

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

Symptoms of liver failure can include:

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of liver failure involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Key tests include:

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Treatment for liver failure depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. Options may include:

Prevention[edit | edit source]

Preventing liver failure involves addressing the risk factors and causes. This can include:

Prognosis[edit | edit source]

The prognosis for liver failure varies depending on the cause and the timeliness of treatment. Acute liver failure can be fatal without prompt medical intervention, while chronic liver failure may progress slowly but can also lead to life-threatening complications.

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