Hepatic coma

Hepatic coma is a loss of consciousness that occurs as a result of severe liver disease. In this condition, toxins normally removed by the liver build up in the blood and impair the function of the brain cells. Hepatic coma is considered a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment.

Causes

Hepatic coma is usually caused by conditions that can damage the liver such as cirrhosis, hepatitis, or a drug overdose. The liver damage that leads to hepatic coma causes a buildup of toxins in the bloodstream, which can affect brain function.

Symptoms

Symptoms of hepatic coma can include confusion, disorientation, and fatigue. As the condition progresses, the patient may become unresponsive and may eventually lose consciousness.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of hepatic coma involves a physical examination and a review of the patient's medical history. Blood tests may be done to check for high levels of ammonia and other toxins in the blood. Imaging tests such as a CT scan or MRI may be used to check for liver damage.

Treatment

Treatment for hepatic coma aims to reverse the cause of the coma and prevent further liver damage. This may involve medication to reduce the levels of toxins in the blood, and in severe cases, a liver transplant may be necessary.

Prognosis

The prognosis for hepatic coma depends on the severity of the liver damage and the patient's overall health. With prompt treatment, some patients may recover fully. However, in severe cases, hepatic coma can be fatal.

See also

• Cirrhosis
• Hepatitis
• Liver transplant

Hepatic coma Resources
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