Postcholecystectomy syndrome

Postcholecystectomy syndrome
Synonyms	PCS
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Abdominal pain, dyspepsia, diarrhea, jaundice
Complications	Bile duct injury, pancreatitis
Onset	After cholecystectomy
Duration	Variable
Types	N/A
Causes	Retained gallstones, sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, bile reflux
Risks	Previous gallbladder disease, surgery complications
Diagnosis	Ultrasound, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)
Differential diagnosis	Peptic ulcer disease, irritable bowel syndrome, hepatitis
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Medication, endoscopic therapy, surgery
Medication	Antispasmodics, bile acid sequestrants, proton pump inhibitors
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	5-40% of patients post-cholecystectomy
Deaths	N/A

Postcholecystectomy syndrome (PCS) is a complex of symptoms that includes gastrointestinal disturbances and abdominal pain that persists after cholecystectomy (surgical removal of the gallbladder).

Symptoms

The symptoms of postcholecystectomy syndrome can be mild or severe, and may include:

• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Bloating
• Diarrhea
• Jaundice
• Fever
• Chills

Causes

The exact cause of postcholecystectomy syndrome is not known. However, it is believed to be due to changes in the bile duct and gallbladder following surgery. Other possible causes include:

• Bile duct injury
• Gallstones left in the bile duct
• Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of postcholecystectomy syndrome is based on the patient's symptoms and medical history. Additional tests may be needed to confirm the diagnosis, such as:

• Ultrasound
• Computed tomography (CT) scan
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

Treatment

The treatment of postcholecystectomy syndrome depends on the underlying cause. Treatment options may include:

• Medication
• Endoscopic procedures
• Surgery

See also

• Cholecystectomy
• Gallbladder
• Gallstones
• Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction