Intussusception (medical disorder)

Intussusception is a medical disorder that occurs when one segment of the intestine slides into another segment, causing a blockage. It is most commonly seen in infants and young children, but can also occur in adults. In this article, we will discuss the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of intussusception.

Causes

The exact cause of intussusception is often unknown. However, it is believed to be related to certain conditions that affect the intestines. These conditions may include:

• Gastroenteritis: Inflammation of the stomach and intestines, often caused by a viral or bacterial infection.
• Meckel's diverticulum: A small pouch in the wall of the intestine that is present at birth.
• Polyps: Abnormal growths that can develop in the intestines.
• Tumors: Abnormal growths that can occur in the intestines.

Symptoms

The symptoms of intussusception can vary depending on the age of the individual and the severity of the condition. Common symptoms may include:

• Severe abdominal pain
• Vomiting
• Bloody stools
• Lethargy or irritability
• Palpable mass in the abdomen

Diagnosis

To diagnose intussusception, a healthcare provider may perform several tests, including:

• Physical examination: The healthcare provider may feel a mass in the abdomen or observe signs of distress.
• Imaging tests: X-rays, ultrasounds, or CT scans may be used to visualize the intestines and identify the blockage.
• Barium enema: A contrast material is inserted into the rectum and X-rays are taken to identify the location of the intussusception.

Treatment

The treatment for intussusception typically involves a procedure called an enema. During this procedure, air or liquid is injected into the rectum to push the affected segment of the intestine back into its normal position. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to correct the intussusception.

Complications

If left untreated, intussusception can lead to serious complications, such as:

• Tissue death: The blocked segment of the intestine may become damaged or die.
• Peritonitis: Inflammation of the lining of the abdomen, which can be life-threatening.
• Infection: If the intestine becomes perforated, bacteria can enter the abdominal cavity and cause an infection.

Prevention

Unfortunately, there are no known ways to prevent intussusception. However, early detection and prompt treatment can help prevent complications and improve outcomes.

See also

• Gastroenteritis
• Meckel's diverticulum
• Polyps
• Tumors