Progressive bulbar palsy

Progressive bulbar palsy
Synonyms	Bulbar palsy
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Dysarthria, dysphagia, tongue atrophy, fasciculations
Complications	Aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition
Onset	Typically in adulthood
Duration	Progressive
Types
Causes	Neurodegenerative disease
Risks
Diagnosis	Clinical diagnosis, Electromyography
Differential diagnosis	Myasthenia gravis, stroke, brainstem tumor
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Supportive care, speech therapy, nutritional support
Medication
Prognosis	Poor, progressive
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Progressive Bulbar Palsy (PBP) is a disease that affects the nerves supplying the bulbar muscles. These muscles are responsible for swallowing, speaking, and breathing. PBP is a type of motor neuron disease.

Symptoms

The symptoms of PBP can vary, but they often include difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), slurred speech (dysarthria), and weakness in the facial muscles. Other symptoms can include emotional lability, where the person has uncontrollable bouts of laughing or crying, and difficulty with tongue movements.

Causes

PBP is caused by the degeneration of motor neurons in the brainstem. The exact cause of this degeneration is unknown, but it is thought to be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of PBP is based on the symptoms, medical history, and a physical examination. Tests such as electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies may be used to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

There is currently no cure for PBP, but treatment can help manage symptoms. This can include speech therapy, physical therapy, and medications to control symptoms such as spasticity and excessive salivation.

Prognosis

The prognosis for PBP is generally poor, with most people dying within 2-3 years of diagnosis. However, some people may live longer with supportive care.

See also

• Motor neuron disease
• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
• Bulbar palsy