Anismus

Anismus is a functional disorder where the sphincter muscle in the rectum does not relax properly during defecation, leading to difficulty in passing stool. This condition is also known as paradoxical puborectalis contraction or spastic pelvic floor syndrome.

Symptoms

The main symptom of anismus is difficulty in passing stool, despite the urge to defecate. Other symptoms may include:

• Constipation
• Straining during bowel movements
• Feeling of incomplete evacuation
• Abdominal pain
• Bloating

Causes

The exact cause of anismus is unknown. However, it is believed to be related to the improper functioning of the nerves and muscles in the rectum. Some possible causes include:

• Nerve damage
• Pelvic floor dysfunction
• Psychological stress
• Childbirth

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of anismus is usually made based on the patient's symptoms and medical history. Additional tests may be performed to confirm the diagnosis, such as:

• Anorectal manometry
• Defecography
• Electromyography

Treatment

Treatment for anismus focuses on improving the coordination of the pelvic floor muscles. This may include:

• Biofeedback therapy
• Physical therapy
• Medication
• Surgery

See also

• Pelvic floor
• Rectal prolapse
• Fecal incontinence

References

Anismus Resources
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