Tubulointerstitial nephritis

Tubulointerstitial nephritis is a form of nephritis affecting the interstitium of the kidneys surrounding the tubules. This is in contrast to glomerulonephritis, which is primarily inflammation of the glomeruli. Both are forms of renal disease.

Causes

Tubulointerstitial nephritis can be caused by various factors, including drug toxicity, infection, or it may be of unknown cause. Some common drugs that can cause this condition include antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).

Symptoms

The symptoms of tubulointerstitial nephritis can vary greatly from person to person, and in many cases, the condition may be asymptomatic. When symptoms do occur, they can include fever, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and changes in urinary habits.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of tubulointerstitial nephritis often involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Urinalysis may reveal white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), or eosinophils. In some cases, a renal biopsy may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment for tubulointerstitial nephritis typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the condition. This may involve discontinuing a medication, treating an infection, or managing any other underlying conditions. In some cases, corticosteroids may be used to reduce inflammation.

Prognosis

The prognosis for tubulointerstitial nephritis can vary depending on the underlying cause and the individual's overall health. In some cases, the condition can lead to chronic kidney disease or end-stage renal disease.

See also

• Nephrology
• Kidney disease
• Interstitial nephritis

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