Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli
Pathogenic type of Escherichia coli''
Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC or EAggEC) is a distinct pathotype of the bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli) that is associated with both acute and chronic diarrhea in individuals from both the developed and developing world. EAEC is recognized for its characteristic adherence pattern and the damage it causes to the intestinal mucosa.
Characteristics[edit | edit source]
EAEC is defined by its unique stacked-brick pattern of adhesion to HEp-2 cells, which are derived from a human laryngeal epithelial carcinoma cell line. This pattern is observed in vitro and is used as a diagnostic criterion for identifying this pathotype.
Pathogenesis[edit | edit source]
The disease process of EAEC involves:
- Adherence to the intestinal mucosa using aggregative fimbriae.
- Formation of a biofilm that enhances colonization and protects the bacteria from the host immune system.
- Production of enterotoxins and cytotoxins that disrupt the intestinal epithelium.
- Induction of an inflammatory response, leading to mucosal damage and diarrhea.
Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]
EAEC has been implicated in a wide range of diarrheal illnesses, including:
- Persistent diarrhea in children
- Traveler’s diarrhea
- Diarrhea in immunocompromised individuals, such as patients with HIV/AIDS
It is also a known contributor to malnutrition in young children due to chronic gastrointestinal inflammation and nutrient loss.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of EAEC may involve:
- Stool culture followed by adherence assays using HEp-2 or HeLa cells.
- Molecular methods such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect EAEC-specific genes (e.g., aggR, aaiC).
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Management generally includes:
- Oral rehydration therapy to prevent dehydration.
- In some cases, antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin or rifaximin may be prescribed, particularly in severe or persistent cases, although antibiotic resistance is an emerging concern.
See also[edit | edit source]
Search WikiMD
Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available.
Advertise on WikiMD
WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia |
Let Food Be Thy Medicine Medicine Thy Food - Hippocrates |
Translate this page: - East Asian
中文,
日本,
한국어,
South Asian
हिन्दी,
தமிழ்,
తెలుగు,
Urdu,
ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian
Indonesian,
Vietnamese,
Thai,
မြန်မာဘာသာ,
বাংলা
European
español,
Deutsch,
français,
Greek,
português do Brasil,
polski,
română,
русский,
Nederlands,
norsk,
svenska,
suomi,
Italian
Middle Eastern & African
عربى,
Turkish,
Persian,
Hebrew,
Afrikaans,
isiZulu,
Kiswahili,
Other
Bulgarian,
Hungarian,
Czech,
Swedish,
മലയാളം,
मराठी,
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ,
ગુજરાતી,
Portuguese,
Ukrainian
Medical Disclaimer: WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. The information on WikiMD is provided as an information resource only, may be incorrect, outdated or misleading, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. Please consult your health care provider before making any healthcare decisions or for guidance about a specific medical condition. WikiMD expressly disclaims responsibility, and shall have no liability, for any damages, loss, injury, or liability whatsoever suffered as a result of your reliance on the information contained in this site. By visiting this site you agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, which may from time to time be changed or supplemented by WikiMD. If you do not agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, you should not enter or use this site. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates, categories Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.
Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD