Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli

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Pathogenic type of Escherichia coli''


Enteroaggregative E. coli strain EAEC 042 aggregates during infection of Hep-2 cells.

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC or EAggEC) is a distinct pathotype of the bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli) that is associated with both acute and chronic diarrhea in individuals from both the developed and developing world. EAEC is recognized for its characteristic adherence pattern and the damage it causes to the intestinal mucosa.

Characteristics[edit | edit source]

EAEC is defined by its unique stacked-brick pattern of adhesion to HEp-2 cells, which are derived from a human laryngeal epithelial carcinoma cell line. This pattern is observed in vitro and is used as a diagnostic criterion for identifying this pathotype.

Pathogenesis[edit | edit source]

The disease process of EAEC involves:

Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]

EAEC has been implicated in a wide range of diarrheal illnesses, including:

  • Persistent diarrhea in children
  • Traveler’s diarrhea
  • Diarrhea in immunocompromised individuals, such as patients with HIV/AIDS

It is also a known contributor to malnutrition in young children due to chronic gastrointestinal inflammation and nutrient loss.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of EAEC may involve:

  • Stool culture followed by adherence assays using HEp-2 or HeLa cells.
  • Molecular methods such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect EAEC-specific genes (e.g., aggR, aaiC).

Treatment[edit | edit source]

Management generally includes:

See also[edit | edit source]

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