Caput succedaneum

Caput succedaneum is a medical condition that occurs in newborns, characterized by swelling of the soft tissues of the baby's scalp. This swelling is typically caused by pressure exerted on the baby's head during delivery. The condition is usually benign and resolves on its own without the need for medical intervention.

Presentation

Caput succedaneum presents as a soft, puffy swelling on the scalp of a newborn. The swelling may cross the midline of the scalp and is often seen on the part of the head that first emerges during birth. The affected area may appear bruised or discolored due to the pressure exerted during delivery.

Causes

The primary cause of caput succedaneum is the pressure exerted on the baby's head as it passes through the birth canal. This pressure can be due to:

• Prolonged labor
• Use of vacuum extraction or forceps delivery
• Premature rupture of membranes, leading to a loss of the cushioning effect of the amniotic fluid

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of caput succedaneum is typically made through physical examination of the newborn. The characteristic swelling and its location on the scalp are usually sufficient for a healthcare provider to identify the condition. No additional tests are generally required.

Treatment

Caput succedaneum usually resolves on its own within a few days after birth. No specific treatment is necessary. The swelling gradually subsides as the fluid is reabsorbed by the baby's body. In rare cases, if there is significant bruising, monitoring for jaundice may be necessary.

Prognosis

The prognosis for newborns with caput succedaneum is excellent. The condition is self-limiting and does not cause any long-term complications. The swelling typically resolves without any lasting effects on the baby's health.

See also

• Cephalohematoma
• Subgaleal hemorrhage
• Newborn care
• Childbirth