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Tissue bank is a facility that collects, processes, stores and distributes biological tissues for use in transplantation, research, and education. Tissue banks can store a wide variety of tissues, including skin, bone, heart valves, corneas, and blood vessels.

History

The concept of a tissue bank was first proposed in the early 20th century, but it wasn't until the 1950s that the first tissue banks were established. These early banks primarily stored corneas for transplantation. Over time, the range of tissues stored has expanded significantly.

Types of Tissue Banks

There are several types of tissue banks, including:

• Organ Procurement Organizations (OPOs): These organizations coordinate the donation of organs and tissues for transplantation.

• Eye Banks: These banks specialize in the collection, processing, and distribution of corneal tissue.

• Blood Banks: These facilities collect, process, and distribute blood and blood products.

• Bone Banks: These banks specialize in the collection, processing, and distribution of bone tissue.

Tissue Donation and Procurement

Tissue donation is a complex process that involves several steps, including donor screening, consent, recovery, processing, storage, and distribution. The process is regulated by several organizations, including the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the American Association of Tissue Banks (AATB).

Tissue Processing and Storage

Once tissues are recovered, they are processed to ensure their safety and effectiveness. This can involve cleaning, sterilizing, and preserving the tissue. The processed tissues are then stored in controlled conditions until they are needed for transplantation.

Tissue Transplantation

Tissues stored in a tissue bank can be used in a variety of medical procedures, including skin grafts, bone grafts, corneal transplants, and heart valve replacements. The use of banked tissues can significantly improve the quality of life for patients.

See Also

• Organ transplantation
• Blood donation
• Corneal transplantation
• Bone grafting

References

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