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Suicide awareness is the understanding and recognition of the signs, symptoms, and risk factors associated with suicide. It also involves the knowledge of resources and services available to those who may be contemplating suicide.

Signs and Symptoms

The signs and symptoms of suicide can vary greatly from person to person. However, some common signs include:

• Expressing feelings of hopelessness or having no reason to live
• Talking about feeling trapped or in unbearable pain
• Talking about being a burden to others
• Increasing use of alcohol or drugs
• Acting anxious or agitated; behaving recklessly
• Sleeping too little or too much
• Withdrawing or isolating themselves
• Showing rage or talking about seeking revenge
• Extreme mood swings

Risk Factors

Risk factors for suicide can be divided into several categories: health factors, environmental factors, and historical factors.

• Health Factors: Mental health disorders, particularly mood disorders, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, and certain personality disorders. Other health factors include serious physical health conditions and substance use problems.
• Environmental Factors: Access to lethal means, prolonged stress, such as harassment, bullying, relationship problems, and unemployment, and stressful life events.
• Historical Factors: Previous suicide attempts, family history of suicide, and history of child abuse.

Prevention and Resources

Prevention strategies for suicide include:

• Promoting social connectedness and support
• Implementing strategies to reduce access to lethal means among individuals with risk
• Providing education and awareness programs
• Offering effective mental health care

Resources for those in crisis include hotlines such as the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline and the Crisis Text Line.

See Also

• Mental health
• Depression
• Anxiety
• Substance abuse

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