Infectious bone disease
Infectious bone disease
Infectious bone disease, also known as osteomyelitis, is an infection of the bone or bone marrow. It can be caused by a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. The condition can be acute or chronic and can affect any bone in the body.
Causes[edit | edit source]
The most common cause of infectious bone disease is Staphylococcus aureus, a type of bacteria that can enter the bone through the bloodstream, from nearby infected tissue, or through direct contamination from an injury or surgical procedure. Other bacteria that can cause osteomyelitis include Streptococcus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Fungal infections, though less common, can also lead to osteomyelitis, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
Symptoms of infectious bone disease can vary depending on the severity and location of the infection. Common symptoms include:
- Severe bone pain
- Swelling and redness over the affected area
- Fever and chills
- Fatigue
- Difficulty moving the affected limb or joint
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of infectious bone disease typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. These tests may include:
- Blood tests to identify the presence of infection
- Imaging studies such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans to visualize the affected bone
- Bone biopsy to obtain a sample for microbiological analysis
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Treatment for infectious bone disease usually involves a combination of antibiotic therapy and, in some cases, surgical intervention. The choice of antibiotics depends on the type of microorganism causing the infection. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove infected bone tissue and drain abscesses.
Prevention[edit | edit source]
Preventing infectious bone disease involves minimizing the risk of infection through proper wound care, maintaining good hygiene, and managing chronic conditions such as diabetes that can increase the risk of infection. Vaccinations and prompt treatment of infections can also help reduce the risk.
Complications[edit | edit source]
If left untreated, infectious bone disease can lead to serious complications, including:
- Chronic osteomyelitis
- Bone necrosis
- Sepsis
- Spread of infection to other parts of the body
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
External links[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD