Reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura

A rare genetic skin disorder

Classification
External resources

Reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a distinctive pattern of skin pigmentation. It primarily affects the skin on the hands and feet, leading to a reticulated or net-like appearance. This condition is also known as "Kitamura's disease" and is classified under the broader category of genodermatoses, which are genetic disorders that affect the skin.

Clinical Features

The hallmark of reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura is the presence of hyperpigmented macules that form a reticulated pattern. These macules typically appear on the dorsal surfaces of the hands and feet during childhood or adolescence. Over time, the pigmentation may become more pronounced and can spread to other areas, including the forearms and legs.

In addition to hyperpigmentation, some individuals may experience atrophy of the skin, leading to a thin and fragile appearance. The condition is usually asymptomatic, meaning it does not cause itching or pain.

Genetics

Reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. This means that a single copy of the mutated gene, inherited from one parent, is sufficient to cause the disorder. The specific gene responsible for this condition has not been definitively identified, but it is believed to involve genes that regulate melanin production and distribution in the skin.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura is primarily based on the clinical appearance of the skin lesions. A thorough medical history and physical examination are essential. In some cases, a skin biopsy may be performed to rule out other conditions with similar presentations.

Differential Diagnosis

Several other conditions can present with similar reticulated pigmentation, and these should be considered in the differential diagnosis. These include:

• Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria
• Dowling-Degos disease
• Reticulate acropigmentation of Dohi

Management

There is no specific treatment for reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura. Management is primarily focused on cosmetic concerns and patient education. Patients should be advised on the benign nature of the condition and reassured about the lack of associated systemic complications.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with reticulate acropigmentation of Kitamura is generally excellent. The condition is benign and does not affect overall health or life expectancy. However, the cosmetic appearance of the skin changes can be a source of psychosocial distress for some patients.

Related Pages

• Genodermatoses
• Hyperpigmentation
• Autosomal dominant disorders