Pleomorphic adenoma

Pleomorphic Adenoma[edit | edit source]

Histopathological image of pleomorphic adenoma.

Pleomorphic Adenoma is a benign neoplasm characterized by a mix of epithelial and myoepithelial cells, along with a mesenchymal component that can include mucoid, myxoid, cartilaginous, or osseous areas. It is the most common type of salivary gland tumor.

Characteristics[edit | edit source]

Pleomorphic adenomas are often encapsulated, either completely or partially. They are notable for their diverse histological appearance, hence the term "pleomorphic" (meaning "many forms").

Occurrence[edit | edit source]

This tumor type primarily occurs in:

Parotid gland
Submandibular gland
Minor salivary glands in the oral cavity
Upper respiratory tract
Nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

A typical presentation of a salivary gland tumor.

Pleomorphic adenomas usually present as a slow-growing, painless mass. In some cases, patients may experience pain or facial palsy.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis typically involves a combination of:

Physical examination
Imaging studies such as MRI or CT scans
Biopsy to confirm the histological diagnosis

Treatment[edit | edit source]

The standard treatment for pleomorphic adenoma is surgical excision. Complete removal is necessary to minimize the risk of recurrence.

Potential Complications[edit | edit source]

Complications of pleomorphic adenoma may include:

Recurrence after excision
Rare transformation into a malignant neoplasm (carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma)

External Links[edit | edit source]

Pleomorphic adenoma Resources
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Pleomorphic adenoma Resources
Need Help Finding a Doctor? Need help finding a doctor or specialist anywhere in the world? Explore our world directory. WikiMD's DocFinder can assist you in locating millions of physicians.	Medical Knowledge Access the latest research - Most recent articles Ongoing trials.