PURA syndrome

A rare genetic disorder affecting neurological development

Overview

PURA syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by developmental delay, hypotonia, and neurological abnormalities. It is caused by mutations in the PURA gene, which plays a crucial role in the development and function of the nervous system. The condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, meaning a single copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder.

Genetics

Diagram showing autosomal dominant inheritance.

PURA syndrome is associated with mutations in the PURA gene, located on chromosome 5. The gene encodes the purine-rich element binding protein A, which is involved in the regulation of DNA replication and RNA transcription. Mutations in this gene disrupt normal neurological development, leading to the symptoms observed in affected individuals.

Clinical Features

Individuals with PURA syndrome typically present with a range of neurological and developmental issues. Common features include:

• Developmental delay
• Hypotonia (reduced muscle tone)
• Seizures
• Intellectual disability
• Feeding difficulties
• Respiratory problems

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of PURA syndrome is based on clinical evaluation and genetic testing. Whole exome sequencing or targeted gene panels can identify mutations in the PURA gene, confirming the diagnosis.

Management

There is currently no cure for PURA syndrome, and treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Management strategies may include:

• Physical therapy to improve muscle tone and motor skills
• Occupational therapy to assist with daily living activities
• Speech therapy to address communication difficulties
• Anticonvulsant medications to control seizures

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with PURA syndrome varies depending on the severity of symptoms. While some individuals may achieve developmental milestones with support, others may have significant lifelong challenges.

Related pages

• Genetic disorders
• Neurological disorders
• Developmental delay