Torus mandibularis

Torus mandibularis is a bony growth in the mandible along the surface nearest to the tongue. This growth may be singular or present in a cluster, and it typically occurs in adults. It is generally a harmless condition and does not require treatment unless it interferes with oral health or prosthetic treatments.

Overview

Torus mandibularis represents an example of a common oral anatomical variation. The prevalence varies widely depending on the population, but it typically ranges between 5-40%. The condition tends to have a higher prevalence in Asian and Inuit populations and often runs in families, indicating a potential genetic link.

Torus cropped

Causes and Risk Factors

• The exact cause of torus mandibularis is not well understood. However, researchers believe it could be a multifactorial trait influenced by genetic predisposition and environmental *factors. Some potential contributing factors include:
• Genetics: There's evidence to suggest that torus mandibularis can run in families, suggesting a genetic component to the condition.
• Bruxism: Excessive teeth grinding may contribute to the formation of these bony growths.
• Diet: Some studies have suggested that a diet high in animal protein can increase the likelihood of developing torus mandibularis.

Symptoms

In most cases, torus mandibularis doesn't present with symptoms and is often discovered during a routine dental examination. The bony growths can vary in size and number and are generally slow-growing. They are typically located on the inner side of the lower jaw, above the level of the attachment of the mylohyoid muscle, and they can present bilaterally or unilaterally.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of torus mandibularis is typically made during a physical examination of the oral cavity, often during routine dental visits. Imaging studies, such as dental radiographs, may be used to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment is usually unnecessary unless the torus interferes with oral hygiene, the fit of dentures, or if it becomes traumatized by eating certain foods. In cases where treatment is required, surgical removal (torus reduction) can be performed.

Prognosis

Torus mandibularis is a benign condition, and the prognosis is excellent. Even in cases where surgery is necessary, the risk of complications is low, and recurrence is rare.

References

Torus mandibularis Resources
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