Plastic bronchitis

Plastic bronchitis is a rare medical condition characterized by the formation of large, branching casts in the bronchial tubes, which can cause severe respiratory distress. The casts are often made of a protein called fibrin and can be coughed up by the patient. The condition can occur in both children and adults, and is often associated with other underlying conditions such as asthma, cystic fibrosis, or congenital heart disease.

Causes

The exact cause of plastic bronchitis is not known, but it is thought to be related to inflammation in the bronchial tubes. This inflammation can be caused by a variety of factors, including infection, allergies, or underlying lung or heart conditions. In some cases, plastic bronchitis may be a complication of surgery or other medical procedures.

Symptoms

The main symptom of plastic bronchitis is difficulty breathing, which can range from mild to severe. Other symptoms may include coughing up large, branching casts, wheezing, chest pain, and fatigue. In severe cases, plastic bronchitis can lead to respiratory failure and can be life-threatening.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of plastic bronchitis is often made based on the patient's symptoms and medical history. A physical examination may reveal wheezing or other abnormal lung sounds. Imaging tests such as a chest X-ray or CT scan may be used to visualize the casts in the bronchial tubes. In some cases, a bronchoscopy may be performed to directly visualize the casts and take a sample for further testing.

Treatment

Treatment of plastic bronchitis is primarily aimed at managing the symptoms and preventing complications. This may include medications to reduce inflammation and thin the mucus in the lungs, as well as physical therapy to help clear the airways. In severe cases, surgery may be required to remove the casts. Treatment of any underlying conditions is also important.

See also

• Bronchitis
• Asthma
• Cystic fibrosis
• Congenital heart disease

Plastic bronchitis Resources
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