Terminal complement pathway deficiency
A rare immunodeficiency disorder affecting the complement system
Terminal complement pathway deficiency is a rare immunodeficiency disorder that affects the complement system, specifically the terminal components of the complement cascade. This condition results in an increased susceptibility to certain types of bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Neisseria meningitidis.
Overview[edit | edit source]
The complement system is a crucial part of the innate immune system, consisting of a series of proteins that work together to fight infections, clear pathogens, and promote inflammation. The terminal complement pathway involves the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC), which is essential for lysing and killing certain bacteria.
Pathophysiology[edit | edit source]
In terminal complement pathway deficiency, there is a defect in one or more of the components of the terminal complement pathway, typically C5, C6, C7, C8, or C9. This defect impairs the formation of the MAC, reducing the body's ability to lyse and kill certain bacteria, particularly Neisseria species.
Clinical Manifestations[edit | edit source]
Individuals with terminal complement pathway deficiency are particularly susceptible to recurrent infections with Neisseria meningitidis, which can lead to meningitis and septicemia. These infections can be severe and life-threatening if not promptly treated.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Diagnosis of terminal complement pathway deficiency is typically made through laboratory tests that measure the activity of the complement system. These tests can identify deficiencies in specific complement components. Genetic testing may also be used to identify mutations in the genes encoding these proteins.
Management[edit | edit source]
Management of terminal complement pathway deficiency involves preventive measures to reduce the risk of infection. This includes vaccination against Neisseria meningitidis and prophylactic antibiotics. Patients are also educated about the signs and symptoms of meningococcal infections and the importance of seeking immediate medical attention if they occur.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
With appropriate preventive measures and prompt treatment of infections, individuals with terminal complement pathway deficiency can lead relatively normal lives. However, they remain at increased risk for severe infections and must be vigilant about their health.
Related pages[edit | edit source]
Search WikiMD
Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available.
Advertise on WikiMD
WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia |
Let Food Be Thy Medicine Medicine Thy Food - Hippocrates |
Translate this page: - East Asian
中文,
日本,
한국어,
South Asian
हिन्दी,
தமிழ்,
తెలుగు,
Urdu,
ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian
Indonesian,
Vietnamese,
Thai,
မြန်မာဘာသာ,
বাংলা
European
español,
Deutsch,
français,
Greek,
português do Brasil,
polski,
română,
русский,
Nederlands,
norsk,
svenska,
suomi,
Italian
Middle Eastern & African
عربى,
Turkish,
Persian,
Hebrew,
Afrikaans,
isiZulu,
Kiswahili,
Other
Bulgarian,
Hungarian,
Czech,
Swedish,
മലയാളം,
मराठी,
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ,
ગુજરાતી,
Portuguese,
Ukrainian
Medical Disclaimer: WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. The information on WikiMD is provided as an information resource only, may be incorrect, outdated or misleading, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. Please consult your health care provider before making any healthcare decisions or for guidance about a specific medical condition. WikiMD expressly disclaims responsibility, and shall have no liability, for any damages, loss, injury, or liability whatsoever suffered as a result of your reliance on the information contained in this site. By visiting this site you agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, which may from time to time be changed or supplemented by WikiMD. If you do not agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, you should not enter or use this site. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates, categories Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.
Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD